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3.
SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. Impr.) ; 43(4): 318-327, mayo-jun. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-163416

RESUMO

El herpes zóster es una erupción cutánea dolorosa que resulta de la reactivación del virus varicela zóster latente en los ganglios de las raíces dorsales o pares craneales. En este artículo se hace una revisión actualizada del tratamiento farmacológico y la prevención del dolor secundario a la infección por el virus. La forma más efectiva para prevenir la neuralgia postherpética y sus consecuencias es la propia prevención del herpes. Desde hace varios años disponemos de una vacuna de virus vivos atenuados (cepa Oka virus varicela zóster) autorizada en adultos de 50 o más años de edad; esta vacuna ha demostrado su eficacia contra el herpes zóster y la neuralgia postherpética; sin embargo su eficacia decrece con la edad y está contraindicada en pacientes con algún tipo de inmunosupresión. Hoy en día existen vacunas recombinantes que son una alternativa y pueden administrarse a personas inmunocomprometidas (AU)


Shingles is a painful rash that results from reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus in the dorsal root ganglia or cranial nerves. In this article an update is presented on the prevention and pharmacological treatment of the secondary pain from the virus infection. The most effective way to prevent post-herpetic neuralgia and its consequences is the prevention of herpes itself. A live attenuated vaccine (the Oka strain varicella zoster virus) has been available for several years, and is approved in adults aged 50 years old. Although this vaccine has shown to be effective against herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia, its effectiveness decreases with age and is contraindicated in patients with some form of immunosuppression. Today the recombinant vaccines provide an alternative, and may be administered to immunocompromised persons (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Herpes Zoster/prevenção & controle , Herpes Zoster/terapia , Manejo da Dor , Dor Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Neuralgia Pós-Herpética/tratamento farmacológico , Vacina contra Herpes Zoster/administração & dosagem , Herpes Zoster/complicações , Herpes Zoster/fisiopatologia , Imunocompetência , Anticorpos Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Metadona/uso terapêutico
4.
Semergen ; 43(4): 318-327, 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27053513

RESUMO

Shingles is a painful rash that results from reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus in the dorsal root ganglia or cranial nerves. In this article an update is presented on the prevention and pharmacological treatment of the secondary pain from the virus infection. The most effective way to prevent post-herpetic neuralgia and its consequences is the prevention of herpes itself. A live attenuated vaccine (the Oka strain varicella zoster virus) has been available for several years, and is approved in adults aged 50 years old. Although this vaccine has shown to be effective against herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia, its effectiveness decreases with age and is contraindicated in patients with some form of immunosuppression. Today the recombinant vaccines provide an alternative, and may be administered to immunocompromised persons.


Assuntos
Vacina contra Herpes Zoster/administração & dosagem , Herpes Zoster/complicações , Neuralgia Pós-Herpética/prevenção & controle , Fatores Etários , Herpes Zoster/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
5.
Cir. mayor ambul ; 19(1): 7-10, ene.-mar. 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-154804

RESUMO

Introducción: El empleo de mallas confeccionadas con materiales parcialmente reabsorbibles y un diseño que permite que se fijen al tejido sin suturas se plantea como estándar terapéutico en la hernioplastia inguinal bilateral, disminuyendo los tiempos quirúrgicos y mejorando el dolor y la recuperación postoperatoria y, por tanto, favoreciendo la ambulatorización del proceso. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo a través de la historia clínica electrónica (IANUS) de 58 pacientes intervenidos en nuestro servicio en el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2011 y marzo de 2013. Resultados: Se han intervenido en la unidad de cirugía mayor ambulatoria (UCMA) 34 pacientes (58,6 %) y 24 (41,4 %) en régimen de cirugía de tarde. De los pacientes intervenidos en UCMA, solo 3 (8,8 %) precisaron ingreso. De los operados de tarde, 14 (58 %) tuvieron más de una pernocta. Sufrieron dolor agudo intenso 8 pacientes, 4 intervenidos en programa de cirugía ambulatoria y 4 en cirugía de tarde. Presentaron hematomas postoperatorios 8 pacientes, la mayoría intervenidos en cirugía de tarde, estado físico ASA III y tratados con antiagregantes o anticoagulantes. Conclusiones: La hernioplastia inguinal bilateral con malla autoadhesiva en UCMA es un procedimiento ambulatorizable casi al 100 %. Puede plantearse como nuevo estándar en el tratamiento ambulatorio de las hernias inguinales bilaterales (AU)


Introduction: The use of meshes made with partially absorbable materials and a design that allows the tissue to be fixed without sutures, is considered as a therapeutic standard in the bilateral inguinal hernia repair, decreasing surgery time and improving the pain and the postoperative recovery, and for that, helping the ambulatorization of the process. Material and methods: A retrospective study using the electronic medical record (IANUS) of 58 patients operated in our Service in the period between January 2011 and March 2013. Results: The patients are males in 95 % of the cases. 58.6 % underwent surgery in our outpatient surgery unit, 8.8 % needed to be admitted to hospital 41.4 % were operated in the regime of evening surgery, having to sleep overnight 58 %. 8 patients suffered severe acute pain, 4 were operated in ambulatory surgery and 4 in evening surgery. 8 patients had postoperative haematomas, the majority had been operated the evening before, were ASA III and treated with antiplatelet drugs or anticoagulants. Conclusion: The bilateral inguinal hernia repair with self-gripping mesh in our outpatient surgery unit is a day-case episode nearly 100 %. It can be considered as a new standard in the outpatient treatment of the bilateral inguinal hernias (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ambulatórios/métodos , Hérnia Inguinal/cirurgia , Herniorrafia/métodos , Telas Cirúrgicas , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos
6.
Semergen ; 39(4): 208-13, 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23726732

RESUMO

Back pain and/or gluteal region pain is a frequent complaint in primary care and often is difficult to determine their origin. When a patient consults us for this reason we tend to direct the focus to the study of bone and nerve structures, without considering that in a large number of cases the myofascial system is involved. In a study with 250 patients in order to determine the prevalence of tendinosis and tear of the gluteus medius or minimus muscles, was found by MRI that 14% of patients who went to the doctor for pain in the buttock, hip or groin had this type of injury in any of the muscles mentioned (1). In these cases a diagnosis and early treatment with injections is essential to prevent progression to persistent pain and decreased muscle function.


Assuntos
Nádegas , Doenças Musculares/diagnóstico , Doenças Musculares/terapia , Humanos , Síndrome
7.
SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. impr.) ; 39(4): 208-213, mayo-jun. 2013. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-112968

RESUMO

El dolor de espalda y/o región glútea es un motivo de consulta frecuente en atención primaria y en muchas ocasiones resulta difícil precisar su origen. Cuando un paciente consulta por este motivo solemos dirigir el foco de atención hacia el estudio de las estructuras óseas y nerviosas, sin tener en cuenta que en un gran número de casos está implicado el sistema miofascial. En un estudio realizado en 250 pacientes con el objetivo de determinar la prevalencia de tendinosis y roturas del glúteo medio o menor, se comprobó por medio de RM que el 14% de los pacientes que acudían al médico por dolor en la nalga, cadera o ingle presentaban este tipo de lesión en alguno de los músculos mencionados. En estos casos un diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz con infiltraciones es fundamental para evitar la progresión a un dolor persistente y disminución de la función muscular (AU)


Back pain and/or gluteal region pain is a frequent complaint in primary care and often is difficult to determine their origin. When a patient consults us for this reason we tend to direct the focus to the study of bone and nerve structures, without considering that in a large number of cases the myofascial system is involved. In a study with 250 patients in order to determine the prevalence of tendinosis and tear of the gluteus medius or minimus muscles, was found by MRI that 14% of patients who went to the doctor for pain in the buttock, hip or groin had this type of injury in any of the muscles mentioned (1). In these cases a diagnosis and early treatment with injections is essential to prevent progression to persistent pain and decreased muscle function (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dor Lombar/complicações , Dor Lombar/diagnóstico , Dor Lombar/terapia , Síndromes da Dor Miofascial/complicações , Síndromes da Dor Miofascial/diagnóstico , Anestésicos Locais/uso terapêutico , Diagnóstico Precoce , Síndromes da Dor Miofascial/tratamento farmacológico , Pelve/patologia , Pelve , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Síndrome do Músculo Piriforme/diagnóstico , Síndrome do Músculo Piriforme/tratamento farmacológico , Pontos-Gatilho/patologia , Pontos-Gatilho
8.
Fam. aten. prim ; 10(3): 63-67, dic. 2012. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-110455

RESUMO

El ziconotide, péptido sintético análogo de la O-conotoxina de un caracol marino, ha sido introducido recientemente como un fármaco para el tratamiento del dolor rebelde a opioides. Consigue su efecto terapéutico a través de un bloqueo selectivo de los canales de calcio (Ca) tipo N dependientes de voltaje, por medio del cual reduce la liberación de neurotransmisores pronociceptivos en el asta posterior de la médula espinal, inhibiendo, de esta manera, la transmisión del impulso doloroso. Una de sus ventajas es la de no provocar tolerancia, e incluso en caso necesario, podría ser administrado conjuntamente con morfina, potenciándose la acción de ambos fármacos (AU)


The ziconotide is structurally the synthetic peptide analogue of the V-conotoxin Conus magus, a marine snail. It has recently been introduced as a drug for the treatment of pain unresponsive to opioids. Achieves its therapeutic effect via a potent selective blockade of voltage sensitive calcium channels, which in turn reduces the release of neurotransmitters pronociceptivos in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord by this action inhibits the transmission of painful stimulus.Among its advantages is to not cause tolerance. In addition, if necessary, could be co-administered with morphine, producing a synergistic effect on its action on pain (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Venenos de Moluscos/uso terapêutico , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Cálcio/farmacocinética , Dor/tratamento farmacológico , Manejo da Dor/métodos , Canais de Cálcio Tipo N
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